What is a Scaffold?
Scaffold: Temporary structure to support people and materials during work at heights.
Why Do Scaffolds Fail?
Common causes: Poor scaffold maintenance or improper use, faulty design or construction, and inadequate foundation
Start With the Base – Solid Foundation
A scaffold is only as strong as its base. Foundations must:
- Use base plates (distribute load over wider area)
- Sit on mudsills (further spread load, prevent sinking)
- Be set on a firm, level foundation (such as concrete)
Remember:
Never set a scaffold directly on soft ground, loose gravel, or other unstable surfaces.
Platform Safety
- Fully plank platforms—no gaps or missing boards
- Secure guardrails at all open sides
- Do not overload with materials/tools
- Remove all tools/materials at end of shift
- Do not work in high winds or bad weather
Safe Scaffold Access/Egress: Falls often occur when getting on/off scaffolds.
Employers must provide safe access. Acceptable options:
- Ladders
- Integral (built-in) access
- Stair towers
- Direct access (ramps/walkways if within 14” horizontal/24” vertical of surface)
Never climb scaffold cross-bracing!
Hazards, Protection & Inspection
Major Scaffold Hazards
Falls from Elevation
Caused by missing/inadequate guardrails or a lack of personal fall arrest systems
WA State Law (WAC 296-880-30030): Fall protection is required at 10 feet or higher
Scaffold Collapse
Can result from instability or overloading
Must consider total weight (scaffold + workers + materials)
Account for foundation, plank placement, tie-ins, and bracing
Being Struck by Falling Objects
Install toe boards or netting to stop items from falling
Use barricades to keep people out of danger zones under/near scaffolds
Electrocution
Maintain at least 10 feet from power lines (may require more, based on voltage)
If closer than 10 feet, power must be de-energized or insulated by the utility company
Coordinate with the power company before starting scaffold work
Scaffold Inspection – A Daily Must!
Inspect before each use
Check guardrails, connectors, fastenings, footings, tie-ins, bracing
Tag the scaffold
Use daily inspection tags at the access point
Damaged parts?
Repair or replace before use
Who inspects?
A competent person trained in scaffold safety
Re-inspect after:
Any event that may have compromised structural integrity (e.g., severe weather, impact, modifications)
Remember:
- Use proper base plates and mudsills
- Ensure all platforms are fully planked and secured
- Never overload scaffolds
- Use safe access—no climbing on braces!
- Install guardrails, toe boards, and netting
- Stay clear of overhead power lines
- Inspect every day and tag the scaffold
- Only a competent person should direct and inspect scaffold work
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